Pane ongororo dzakati wandei uye mascans zvamuchazoda kuita musati matanga kurapwa gomarara. Zvakakosha kuti timu yako yekurapa iite ongororo idzi kuti utarise kuti nhengo dzemuviri wako dzakakosha dziri kushanda sei parizvino (kushanda). Izvi zvinozivikanwa se 'baseline' organ function tests uye scans. Nhengo dzemuviri wako dzakakosha dzinosanganisira moyo wako, itsvo nemapapu.
Most kurapwa kwekenza zvinogona kukonzera zvakasiyana-siyana divi zvinokonzerwa. Mimwe yeiyi mhedzisiro ine mukana wekukonzera kukuvadzwa kwenguva pfupi- kana kwenguva refu kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri wako dzakakosha. Kunyanya zvimwe chemotherapy zvinogona kukonzera kukuvadza kunhengo dzemuviri dzakasiyana. Kuongororwa nekuongororwa kuchadiwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekurapa gomarara kuri kupihwa.
Zvizhinji zvezviongorori izvi zvichadzokororwa panguva uye shure kwekurapwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chokuti kurapwa hakusi kukuvadza nhengo dzinokosha idzi. Kana kurapwa kwacho kuchikanganisa nhengo dzemuviri, marapirwo acho dzimwe nguva anogona kugadziridzwa kana kuchinjwa dzimwe nguva. Uku kuedza uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti nhengo dzakakosha hadzina kukanganiswa zvachose.
Mwoyo (moyo) bvunzo dzebasa
Mamwe marapirwo echemotherapy anozivikanwa kukonzeresa kukuvadza kumoyo uye mashandiro ayo. Zvakakosha kuti vanachiremba vazive kuti moyo wako unoshanda sei usati watanga kurapwa. Kana iwe uchitova nemoyo usiri kushanda sezvaunofanirwa, izvi zvinogona kusarudza rudzi rwechemotherapy inogona kupihwa.
Kana kushanda kwemoyo kwakadzikira kune imwe nhanho panguva yekurapwa, mushonga wekurapa unogona kuderera kana kumiswa. Chemotherapy inoshandiswa mune mamwe marapirwo e-lymphoma anogona kukonzera kukuvadza senge doxorubicin (adriamycin), daunorubicin uye epirubicin, anozivikanwa se anthracyclines.
Ndedzipi mhando dzekuedza kushanda kwemoyo?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Electrocardiogram (ECG) bvunzo inobatsira kutsvaga matambudziko nemhasuru yemoyo, mavharuvhu, kana mutinhimira. ECG bvunzo isingarwadzi inotarisa kushanda kwemoyo wako pasina kupindira. Inonyora kushanda kwemagetsi emwoyo semitsara papepa.
Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kuhofisi yachiremba kana kuchipatara. Pamwe vanamukoti kana nyanzvi dzekurapa vanowanzoita ECG. Chiremba anozoongorora zvawanikwa.
Usati waita ECG udza chikwata chako chezvehutano nezvemishonga yose yaunonwa. Bvunza kuti unofanira kuinwa here pazuva rekuongororwa nekuti mimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa zvabuda.
- Iwe kazhinji haufanire kuganhurira kudya kwako kana kunwa kutora pamberi peECG yako.
- Iwe uchada kubvisa zvipfeko zvako kubva muchiuno kumusoro panguva yeECG yako.
- ECG inotora maminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi kuti ipedze. Munguva yeECG, mukoti kana nyanzvi yezvokurapa achaisa zvimiti zvinonzi lead kana maelectrodes pachipfuva chako nemakumbo (maoko nemakumbo). Zvadaro, vachabatanidza waya kwavari. Aya anotungamira anounganidza ruzivo nezve mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo wako. Iwe uchafanirwa kugara wakanyarara panguva yekuedzwa.
- Mushure mekuedzwa, unogona kudzokera kumabasa ako emazuva ose, kusanganisira kutyaira.
Echocardiogram (echo)
An echocardiogram (echo) muedzo unobatsira kuwana matambudziko nemhasuru yemwoyo, mavharuvhu, kana mutinhimira. Echo inonzi ultrasound yemoyo wako. Ultrasound inoshandisa mafungu eruzha epamusoro-soro kutora mufananidzo wenhengo dziri mukati memuviri. Mudziyo wakafanana netsvimbo unonzi transducer unotumira masaisai enzwi. Zvadaro, mafungu eruzha "echo" kumashure. Muedzo haurwadzi uye haupindi.
- Echo inoitwa kuhofisi yechiremba kana kuchipatara. Sonographers, avo vakanyatsodzidziswa kushandisa michina ye ultrasound, vanowanzoita echo. Chiremba anozoongorora zvabuda pabvunzo.
- Usati waita maungira, udza timu yako yezvehutano nezvemishonga yese yaunotora. Bvunza kuti unofanira kuinwa here pazuva rekuongororwa nekuti mimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa zvabuda.
- Iwe kazhinji haufanire kudzora chikafu chako kana chinwiwa chekudya pamberi pako echo.
- Iwe unozofanirwa kubvisa zvipfeko zvako kubva muchiuno kumusoro panguva yako echo.
- Echo inotora maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika paawa imwe kuti ipedze. Munguva ye echo, iwe ucharara parutivi rwako patafura uye kukumbirwa kuti ugare wakanyarara. Iyo ultrasound technician ichaisa diki gel pachipfuva chako. Ipapo ivo vanofambisa iyo wand-senge transducer yakatenderedza chipfuva chako kugadzira mifananidzo yemoyo wako.
- Mushure mekuedzwa, unogona kudzokera kumabasa ako emazuva ose, kusanganisira kutyaira.
Multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan
Iyo inozivikanwawo se'cardiac blood pooling' imaging kana 'gated blood pool' scan. A multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan inogadzira mifananidzo yemavhidhiyo yemakamuri epazasi emoyo kutarisa kana ari kupomba ropa nemazvo. Inoratidza chero kukanganisa muhukuru hwemakamuri emwoyo uye mukufamba kweropa nemoyo.
Vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vanoshandisa MUGA scans sekutevera-kutarisira kuti vawane zvingangoita zvenguva refu yemoyo mhedzisiro, kana kunonoka mhedzisiro. Kunonoka mhedzisiro inogona kuitika anopfuura makore mashanu mushure mekurapwa. Vapukunyuki vegomarara vangangoda kuongororwa kweMUGA vanosanganisira:
- Vanhu vakamborapwa neradiation pachipfuva.
- Vanhu vane bone marrow / stem cell transplant kana mamwe marudzi echemotherapy.
A MUGA scan inoitwa mudhipatimendi reradiology yechipatara kana pachipatara chekunze.
- Iwe unogona kusakwanisa kudya kana kunwa kwemaawa mana kusvika matanhatu pamberi pekuongororwa.
- Iwe unogona zvakare kukumbirwa kuti udzivise caffeine uye fodya kweanosvika maawa makumi maviri nemana pamberi pekuyedzwa.
- Mirayiridzo ichapihwa kwauri usati waedza. Huya nerondedzero yakazara yemishonga yako yese yauri kushandisa.
- Paunosvika kune yako MUGA scan, ungangoda kubvisa zvipfeko zvako kubva muchiuno kumusoro. Izvi zvinosanganisira jewellery kana simbi zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa scan.
- Iyo scan inogona kutora kusvika maawa matatu kuti ipere. Nguva yacho inoenderana nekuti ingani mifananidzo inodiwa.
- Iyo tekinoroji ichaisa zvinonamirwa zvinonzi maelectrodes pachipfuva chako kuti atarise kushanda kwemagetsi emwoyo wako panguva yekuedzwa.
- Chidimbu chidiki chemwaranzi chinopisa chinobaiwa mutsinga iri muruoko rwako. Iyo radioactive material inonzi tracer.
- Iyo tekinoroji inotora ropa shoma kubva paruoko rwako uye nekuisanganisa netracer.
- Zvadaro tekinoroji inozodzosera musanganiswa mumuviri wako kuburikidza nemutsara wemutsinga (IV) wakaiswa zvakananga mutsinga.
Mucherechedzi akaita sedhayi. Inosungira kumasero matsvuku eropa, ayo anotakura oxygen mumuviri wako wose. Zvinoratidza mafambiro eropa mumoyo mako. Hauzokwanisi kunzwa tracer ichifamba nemuviri wako.
Iyo tekinoroji ichakukumbira iwe kuti urare wakamira patafura uye isa yakakosha kamera pamusoro pechipfuva chako. Iyo kamera inosvika mamita matatu paupamhi uye inoshandisa gamma mwaranzi kuronda tracker. Sezvo tracer ichifamba nemuropa rako, kamera inotora mifananidzo kuona kuti ropa riri kufamba sei mumuviri wako. Iyo mifananidzo ichatorwa kubva kune akawanda maonero, uye imwe neimwe inotora anenge 3 maminetsi.
Unogona kukumbirwa kurovedza muviri pakati pemifananidzo. Izvi zvinobatsira chiremba kuti aone kuti mwoyo wako unopindura sei kushushikana kwekurovedza muviri. Iyo tekinoroji inogona zvakare kukukumbira kuti utore nitro-glycerine kuti uvhure tsinga dzako dzeropa uye uone kuti moyo wako unopindura sei kumushonga.
Unogona kutarisira kudzoka kumabasa ako enguva pfupi mushure mebvunzo. Inwa zvinwiwa zvakawanda uye woita weti nguva nenguva kwezuva 1 kusvika 2 wapedza scan kuti ubatsire mucherechedzi kubuda mumuviri wako.
Miedzo yebasa rekufema
Kune mamwe chemotherapy marapirwo anoshandiswa mukurapa lymphoma anogona kukanganisa basa remapapu ako uye kukanganisa kufema. Bleomycin chemotherapy inowanzo shandiswa mukurapa Hodgkin lymphoma. Muedzo wekutanga unoitwa kuti uone kuti kufema kwako kwakanaka sei usati warapwa, zvakare panguva yekurapwa uye kazhinji mushure mekurapwa.
Kana basa rako rekufema richiderera, mushonga uyu unogona kumiswa. Kune akawanda makiriniki miedzo parizvino ari kutarisa kumisa mushonga uyu mushure menguva 2-3 kana varwere vaine kuregererwa kwakakwana. Izvi ndezvekudzikisira njodzi yenyaya dzekufema.
Chii chinonzi kufema (mapapu) basa rekuyedza?
Miedzo yekushanda kwemapapu iboka rebvunzo rinoyera kuti mapapu ari kushanda zvakanaka sei. Vanoyera kuti mhepo yakawanda sei inogona kubata mapapu ako uye kuti unogona sei kuburitsa mweya kubva mumapapu ako.
- Spirometry inoyera kuti wakawanda sei mweya waunogona kufema kubva mumapapu ako uye nekukurumidza kwaungaite.
- Lung plethysmography inoyera kuti mweya wakawanda sei mumapapu ako mushure mekutora kufema kwakadzika uye kuti wakawanda sei mweya wasara mumapapu ako mushure mekunge wafema kunze zvakanyanya sezvaunokwanisa.
- Kuongororwa kwekupararira kwemapapu kunoyera kuti oxygen inofamba sei kubva mumapapu ako ichienda muropa rako.
Kuongororwa kwebasa remapapu kunowanzoitwa mudhipatimendi rakakosha rechipatara nenyanzvi yekufema yakadzidziswa.
Udza boka rako rezvehutano nezvemishonga yese yauri kutora uye isiri yekunyorerwa. Kazhinji unoudzwa kuti usasvuta kwemaawa mana kusvika matanhatu usati waongororwa kushanda kwepulmonary.
Pfeka zvipfeko zvisina kusimba kuitira kuti ugone kufema zvakanaka. Regedza kudya chikafu chinorema usati waedza pulmonary function - zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kwauri kutora kufema kwakadzika.
Spirometry bvunzo
Spirometry bvunzo ndeimwe yeyakajairwa mapapu basa bvunzo dzinoshandiswa kuona ese ari maviri huwandu hwemhepo iyo mapapu anogona kufemesa nekufemesa, uye mwero wekuti mweya unogona kufemerwa nekubuditswa. Chishandiso chinoshandiswa chinonzi spirometer, uye mazhinji emazuva ano spirometers akabatana nekombuta iyo inokurumidza compte data kubva pabvunzo.
Uchakumbirwa kufema uchishandisa chubhu refu ine kadhibhodhi muromo. Iyo chubhu refu inonamirwa pakombiyuta inoyera huwandu hwemweya unofema nekufamba kwenguva.
Iwe unotanga kukumbirwa kufema zvinyoronyoro kuburikidza nemuromo. Iwe unobva wakumbirwa kuti utore kufema kukuru kwaunokwanisa uye wobva waifuridza zvakaomarara, nekukurumidza, uye kureba sezvaunokwanisa.
Lung plethysmography bvunzo
Muedzo uyu unosarudza:
- Kukwana kwemapapu. Uku ndiko kuwanda kwemweya mumapapu mushure mekufemerwa kukuru.
- Functional Residual Capacity (FRC). FRC ndiyo huwandu hwemhepo mumapapu pakupera kwekupera kwekuzorora kwakanyarara
- Residual vhoriyamu inova uwandu hwemhepo inosara mumapapu mushure mekupera kwakanyanya.
Panguva yekuedzwa iwe uchakumbirwa kuti ugare mubhokisi rakavharwa rinotaridzika zvishoma sebhokisi refoni. Pane muromo mukati mebhokisi rauchazoda kufema mukati nekubuda mukati mebvunzo.
Mushandi anokuudza kufema mukati nekubuda mumuromo apo zviyero zvichitorwa. Chivharo mukati memuromo chinovhura uye chivhare kuti zvibvumire kuverenga kwakasiyana-siyana kutorwa. Zvichienderana nemiedzo inodiwa, ungangoda kufema mune mamwe (inert uye asingakuvadzi) magasi pamwe nemhepo. Muedzo wese kazhinji hautore nguva inopfuura 4-5 maminetsi.
Rega chiremba azive kana uri kutora chero mishonga, kunyanya kana ine chekuita nekunetseka kwekufema, sezvo ungangoda kumira kuitora usati waongororwa. Kana ukabata dzihwa kana chimwe chirwere chinogona kukutadzisa kufema zvakanaka, ungangoda kurongazve bvunzo kuti kana wava nani.
Usapfeke chero zvipfeko zvinogona kukutadzisa kufema mukati nekubuda zvizere uye kudzivirira kudya chikafu chikuru mukati memaawa maviri ebvunzo, kana kunwa doro (mumaawa mana) kana kuputa (mukati meawa) yebvunzo. Iwe zvakare haufanirwe kuita chero kurovedza muviri kunorwadza mumaminitsi makumi matatu isati yaitwa bvunzo.
Kuongororwa kwekupararira kwemapapu
Inoyera kuti oxygen inofamba sei kubva mumapapu ako ichienda muropa rako.
Panguva yekuyedzwa kwekupararira kwemapapu, unofema muchidimbu chekabhoni monoxide gasi kuburikidza nemuromo wechubhu. Mushure mekubata mweya wako kwemasekonzi gumi, iwe wobva waburitsa gasi.
Mhepo iyi inounganidzwa muchubhu uye inoongororwa.
Iwe haufanirwe kuputa kana kunwa doro munguva ye4-awa isati yaitwa bvunzo. Pfeka mbatya dzisina kusimba kuitira kuti ugone kufema zvakanaka panguva yekuedzwa.
Rega chiremba wako azive kuti ndeipi mishonga yauri kunwa uye kana worega kuitora isati yaongororwa.
Renal (itsvo) kuongorora basa
Kune chemotherapy mishonga inogona kukanganisa itsvo yako kushanda. Zvakakosha kutarisa kushanda kweitsvo dzako kusati kwatanga kurapwa, panguva yekurapa uye dzimwe nguva mushure mekurapwa. Basa rako renal rinogonawo kuongororwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa ropa kusati kwasvika kune yega yega chemotherapy cycle. Iyi miedzo inotevera inowana kutarisa kwakaringana pamashandiro anoita itsvo dzako.
Kana kushanda kweitsvo dzako kukadzikira panguva yekurapwa, mushonga wako wekurapa unogona kudzikiswa, kunonoka kana kumira zvese pamwe chete. Izvi ndezvekubatsira kudzivirira kumwe kukuvadzwa kuitsvo dzako. Common chemotherapies iyo inoshandiswa mu lymphoma uye inogona kukonzera kukanganisa inosanganisira; ifosfamide, methotrexatecarboplatin, radiotherapy uye pamberi pa stem masero anochinja.
Ndedzipi dzimwe dzeitsvo bvunzo dzekushanda dzinoshandiswa?
Renal (itsvo) scan
Kuongorora itsvo bvunzo yekufungidzira inotarisa itsvo.
Imhando yekuyedza nyukireya imaging. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chidimbu chidiki chechinhu cheradioactive chinoshandiswa panguva yekuongororwa. Iyo radioactive matter (radioactive tracer) inotorwa neitsvo dzese. Iyo radioactive tracer inotumira gamma mwaranzi. Aya anotorwa nescanner kuti atore mifananidzo.
Paunenge uchitsvaga scan, tekinoroji inokupa chero yakakodzera mirairo yekugadzirira.
Mimwe mirairo inogona kusanganisira:
- Varwere vanowanzodikanwa kunwa magirazi maviri emvura mukati meawa imwe yebvunzo.
- Iyo radioactive tracer inobaiwa mutsinga iri muruoko rwako. Kutevera kutungamirirwa kwemaradiotracers, kuongorora kuchaitika.
- Nguva yekuongororwa ichasiyana pakureba zvichienderana nemubvunzo wekiriniki uri kutariswa. Nguva yekuongorora inowanzotora awa.
- Unogona kutangazve kuita zvakajairika mushure mekutarisa.
- Wedzera kunwa kwemvura kubatsira kubvisa tracer.
Renal Ultrasound
A renal ultrasound bvunzo isiri-invasive inoshandisa masaisai eultrasound kugadzira mifananidzo yeitsvo dzako.
Iyi mifananidzo inogona kubatsira chiremba wako kuongorora nzvimbo, saizi, uye chimiro cheitsvo dzako pamwe nekuyerera kweropa kuitsvo dzako. A itsvo ultrasound inowanzobatanidza dundira rako.
Ultrasound inoshandisa high-frequency sound waves inotumirwa netransducer yakadzvanywa paganda rako. Mafungu eruzha anofamba nemuviri wako, achirovera panhengo kudzokera kune transducer. Aya maungira anorekodhwa uye anoshandurwa nedigital kuita vhidhiyo kana mifananidzo yematishu uye nhengo dzakasarudzwa kuti dziongororwe.
Mirayiridzo yekugadzirira uye zvekutarisira ichapihwa kwauri usati wagadzwa.
Mamwe mashoko akakosha anosanganisira;
- Kunwa magirazi matatu emvura ingangoita awa imwe isati yaitwa bvunzo uye usingabudise dundira rako
- Unenge wakazvambarara wakatarisa pasi patafura yebvunzo izvo zvingangove zvisina kugadzikana
- Ita inotonhora conductive gel yakaiswa paganda rako munzvimbo iri kuongororwa
- Transducer ichakwizwa panzvimbo iri kuongororwa
- Maitiro haarwadzi
- Iwe unogona kudzokera kune zvakajairika zviitiko mushure mekuita
